The Yang–Mills Mass Gap from One Bound at One Scale

paper Lean 4 Julia MIT

Deep Bhattacharjee (corresponding author, head of the project), Ushashi Bhattacharya, James Montgomery Lockwood, Tristan Romanov, Ikailo John Sessford, Sanjeevan Singha Roy.

15 November progress: error-stable ascent, continuum-interface audit, and precise remaining estimate. Six new Lean declarations extend the ascent to quantified approximation errors. Written interface lemmas accommodate the external construction's sparse mesh sequence and phase decomposition. The unconditional weak-coupling mass gap remains open.

ProvedOpen
Mass gap of 4D lattice Yang–Mills theory at strong coupling, every compact simple group, explicit boundsThe one-scale bound at weak coupling
Theorem F: a compatible Wightman limit on tori and one bound on partition functions at one scale give the continuum mass gap and a unique vacuumA complete checked adapter to the selected construction, and the bound at its actual couplings
The one bound is a lattice gap plus a Stefan–Boltzmann bound on the thermal free energy, and it forces a vanishing centre-vortex free energyThe lattice gap at weak coupling
The gap alone does not give the count of states; the centre vortex controls only the charged statesThe glueball gap and the count of states at weak coupling
The unrenormalised loop variables have a trivial limitThe Clay problem
FolderContentsRun
YangMills/Lean 4 project over Mathliblake exe cache get && lake build
scripts/axiom auditlake env lean scripts/Axioms.lean
julia/constants of the paperjulia julia/constants.jl
research/2026-11-15/proof progress and explicit remaining assumptionspython scripts/check_closure_progress.py

The external construction assessment reports a Wilson scaling-limit Wightman theory and explicitly leaves the mass gap unproved. Our source audit addresses particular compatibility conditions; it does not claim to have rebuilt that entire construction.